Computer Components Homework Solution

  1. List two similarities and two differences between software and data. [4]
    Both software and data are types of information which can be stored digitally in computer memory or on disk.
    Software is organised and meaningful. Data may be unorganised and meaningless.
    Software is part of the machine. Data is the raw material.
    Software is instructions for the computer and used for processing data. Data is information for the computer to process.
  2. Compare the way the components of a computer system function with the general way our brain accepts, processes, and outputs data. [10]
    The brain accepts data through the sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin) which contain nerves that connect to the brain.
    Computers accept data through input devices like keyboard and mouse.
    The brain processes information through thinking and reasoning.
    Computers process information by executing instructions to perform calculations on binary numbers.
    The brain outputs data by moving body parts, e.g. speaking, writing, sign language, and non-verbal communication.
    Computers output information through output devices like monitors and printers.
    The brain stores information in short and long term memory.
    Computers store information in temporary and permanent storage devices like memory, disk and tape.
  3. Name five components normally found inside the system unit (computer case) and classify their functions as input, processing, output, storage or communication. [10]
    Component Function
    Microprocessor or CPU processing
    Memory components (RAM and ROM) storage
    Hard, floppy and compact disk drives storage
    Motherboard and bus input/output
    Graphics card output
    Network interface card and internal modem communication
  4. Compare (qualitatively, by making a table) memory and disks in terms of storage capacity, speed, permanence, and cost per MB. [10]
    Storage Devices Storage Capacity Speed Permanence Cost per MB
    Memory (RAM and ROM) low to medium fast temporary high
    Floppy disks low slow permanent medium
    Hard disks, CD and DVD high medium permanent low
  5. Calculate (showing your work) approximately how many 20 KB Word documents could fit on the following disks: [6]
    1. a floppy disk = 1.4 MB = 1400 KB / 20 KB = 70
    2. a compact disc = 700 MB = 700,000 KB / 20 KB = 35,000
    3. a 40 GB hard disk = 40,000,000 KB / 20 KB = 2,000,000